The clustering of like-minded America
Bill Bishop on how politics, race, religion, and social values play into the divisions among Americans.
The divisions among Americans run beyond red states and blue states and they can be measured down to the neighborhood. Religion, race, social values, and education -- all of these have an effect on whether you choose to live downtown or in the suburbs, in Dallas or in Portland.
Journalist Bill Bishop has spent several years studying the increasing social self-segregation within the United States, and his new book on the subject is: "The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America is Tearing Us Apart."
Over the past 30 years, millions of Americans have moved -- not looking for a better job, or better schools, but looking for a place where they fit.
Bishop and statistician Robert Cushing analyzed this mass migration. They looked at vote totals for Presidential election years in every county in America. In 1976, only about a quarter of the counties were landslides -- victories of 20 points or more for either Jimmy Carter or Gerald Ford. By 2004, more than half the counties showed landslide results. And in the recent Democratic primary in Pennsylvania, 70 percent of the counties returned landslide victories.
According to Bishop, the people in those counties don't just vote for different political candidates, they do just about everything differently. And you can see the differences down to the neighborhoods.
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Comments (6 posted):
I recall the horror I felt when President Bush famously labeled North Korea, Iran and Iraq "The Axis of Evil." In using the term "evil" he was trying to legitimize violence against a people out of the righteousness his beliefs. Killing evil is easier than killing people with different policies and views.
I identify as progressive, but I often wonder if we progressives bear particular responsibility for the current extent of polarization. Conservatives don't generally trumpet diversity and inclusivity as core values; we do. And yet, let's be honest: we often display withering contempt for those to our right. Bishop includes a great example from a Seattle alternative newspaper entitled "The Urban Archipelago: "Liberals, progressives, and Democrats do not live in a country that stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific, from Canada to Mexico. We live on a chain of islands. We are citizens of the Urban Archipelago, the United Cities of America. We live on islands of sanity, liberalism, and compassion...And we are the real Americans. They - rural, red-state voters, the denizens of the exurbs - are not real Americans. They are rubes, fools, and hate-mongers." (p. 270)
"They" get contempt. And they don't seem to see the compassion. One of the challenges of 2008 will be how an extraordinary candidate like Obama can challenge progressive followers to stop with dismissive and condescending discourse about Americans different than us.
I now see that I've lived in a way that embodies Bishop's thesis, but I had no idea I was part of some cultural phenomenon. I just thought I was a black gay man who prefers living in the city to the rural area that I come from. When thinking about my friends and where I live in Washington, DC (the gayest zip code in the city) it makes clear why so many of the people I encounter seem the same to me, whether gay, straight, young, old, black, white, hispanic, man, or woman. A female co-worker once asked me how I react when women come on to me. I told her that it just doesn't happen. Maybe it does and I'm just oblivious, but on my weekends I live in gay world, surrounded by gay men and some straights who would never assume in any encounter with me that I am straight. That's such a a sweeping generalization, but I know that where I live and how I socialize, no one is going to assume at first that I'm straight, whether I'm with my partner or not. In fact, when people don't get it, I become annoyed, but that's because I forget I'm a member of a minority sometimes.
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